Whether you choose to go on Onhenro in the traditional order on a sinlge 2 month adventure, or break up the journey into chunks while traveling in reverse, the goal is to eventually visit all 88 temples one day. You don’t need to don this outfit to perform Ohenro, but pilgrims who do are treated to a special kind of hospitality called “osettai,” which is unlike any other hospitality in Japan (or the rest of the world for that matter). The designated path aims to follow the footsteps of Japan’s most famous Buddhist monk, Kobo Daishi, and the travels he made around Shikoku while seeking enlightenment some 1,200 years ago. The Shikoku Pilgrimage of Buddhism, The Kumbh Mela Pilgrimage of Hinduism, or The Osun-Osogbo. The Shikoku Pilgrimage (四国遍路, Shikoku Henro) or Shikoku Junrei (四国巡礼) is a multi-site pilgrimage of 88 temples associated with the Buddhist monk Kūkai (Kōbō Daishi) on the island of Shikoku, Japan. The Shikoku pilgrimage route (or Shikoku Henro) is one of the few circular-shaped pilgrimages in the world. Others go in reverse order, called gyaku-uchi, but there is no rule as to what order you visit the temples. All rights reserved. There are also a number of stone tanuki (Japanese raccoon dog) statues, which represent a local god called Minoyama Daimyojin. One of the things that separates Ohenro from other well-known pilgrimages is the special attire. This circular pilgrimage route is the most famous pilgrimage in Japan. This temple is notoriously difficult to reach as it requires an accent to 610 meters above sea level. Shikoku Pilgrims, known as ohenro-san, undertake the journey around Shikoku island to atone for sins, to pray for health and success, in pursuit of enlightenment, and to experience the mysteries of Japan’s least developed … However, most people do choose to start from Ryozenji in Tokushima and end their pilgrimage at Okuboji in Kagawa prefecture. The total of the temple’s are 88 and they are all around the Shikoku island split on the four prefecture Tokushima, Kochi, Ehime and Kagawa. Complete Guide to the Goshuin Trend: Collect Japan's Gorgeous Temple Stamps! The purpose of osettai is to support the pilgrims along their journey, as those doing Ohenro are seen as proxies for others who are not able to make the journey themselves. There are many reasons why you might want to go on the Ohenro Pilgrimage. ride, 6,400 yen), and take the JR Seto Ohashi Line (Rapid Marine Liner 29 for Takamatsu) to Takamatsu Station (55 min. A few years later, my wife had a research grant and we did a good chunk of the Saikoku pilgrimage route by car. Others still may wish to travel by foot in order to experience the natural beauty of Shikoku’s countryside at a slower pace. If you only walk to the main … ride), and finally, at Takamatsu, transfer to the Uzushio Line (Limited Express Uzushio 15 for Tokushima) to arrive at Tokushima Station (1 hour 10 min ride). Having said this, it is also possible to do the pilgrimage in legs, taking a week here and there every few years to visit all of the temples. Specifically, the paper will focus on the Shikoku pilgrimage of Buddhism, also called the Shikoku Henro. On the Shikoku pilgrimage, for example, pilgrims wear clothing signifying their special status and, like monks and nuns, are given offerings of food. Keeping with tradition does means traveling on foot, although in recent years some people have resorted to using bicycles and even cars to fast track between temples. In addition, the white jacket is of particular significance in Buddhist symbology. In addition to the pilgrim outfit, travelers on Ohenro also carry a special walking stick called a “kongozue.” This stick is said to help pilgrims embody the spirit of Kobo Daishi, and thus is an absolutely essential part of any Ohenro pilgrim’s gear. The act of visiting these 88 temples from Kobo Daishi’s travels is known as “Ohenro,” Shikoku’s special pilgrimage. Many pilgrims today, known as “ohenro”, attempt to recreate his original journey – traveling over 1200 kilometers (745 miles) on foot and relying on the kindness of strangers for food, money, and accommodations. Unlike the 100 Kannon Pilgrimages (Saikoku, Bando and Chichibu), the Shikoku 88 Temple pilgrimage is centered around Buddhist Temples or places where Buddha is the main object of worship.Please visit my pages about Shintoism and Buddhism, to find more about Japanese Buddhist deities. The founder of the Shingon sect of Buddhism and Shikoku native was a priest, poet, scholar and advisor to the emperor. The designated path aims to follow the footsteps of Japan’s most famous Buddhist monk, Kobo Daishi, and the travels he made around Shikoku while seeking enlightenment some 1,200 years ago. The Shikoku pilgrimage route was developed by the Buddhist monk Kukai (also known as Kobo-Daishi), who was played an important role in the 9th century. The most popular legend, of course, is that Kūkai walked to all of the sacred places on the island, founded many of the temples, and established the pilgrimage itself. For those not familiar, its another major pilgrimage route that goes around the Kinki peninsula and up to Osaka and Kyoto. Today, the Shikoku pilgrimage route is connected by eighty-eight temples across the four prefectures of Shikoku (Tokushima, Kōchi, Ehime and Kagawa)—although pilgrims continue to refer to them by their feudal province names (Awa, Tosa, Iyo and Sanuki). If you do so, people will recognize, welcome, and assist you as a pilgrim. Some people opt to travel the route in reverse order (gyaku-uchi), and there is even a legend that Kobo Daishi is still alive today, thus traveling in reverse increases your chances of meeting him on the road! Others do it as a break from the repetition of their everyday life. The present pilgrimage consisting of the 88 temples is thought to have been formed between the late 16th and 17th Century. Ohenro is basically a circular walk around the island of Shikoku. ), Ryozenji is the first and perhaps most famous stop on the Ohenro route. Ohenro is not the only pilgrimage in Japan, but it is arguably the most famous with its signature 88-temple trek around the island of Shikoku (the smallest of Japan's four main islands). His birth name was Siddhartha Gautama. The Shikoku 88 Temple Pilgramage is one of the few circular-shaped pilgrimages in the world. Today, Kūkai lives on as a prominent figure and forefather of Shingon Buddhist, a major school of Buddhism in Japan. … The Shikoku Pilgrimage is a multi-site pilgrimage of 88 temples associated with the 8th century Buddhist monk Kūkai, also known as Kōbō Daishi, on the island of Shikoku, Japan. Emon Saburō. As mentioned in the opening, Ohenro is an experience that can be enjoyed by people of any background, regardless of religious beliefs. Here you can buy all the trappings you need to look the part of a pilgrim, check out the two-story wooden pagoda, and marvel at the hustle and bustle of new pilgrims just starting out as well as veterans returning to the original place of departure. Whatever the case may be, osettai has become a tradition in Shikoku and a key part of Ohenro. Some do so to seek enlightenment. It has a history dating back over 1,200 years. Part of the allure of Ohenro, though, is getting into the ascetic mind of a pilgrim by foregoing modern conveniences in an effort to reach a spiritual awakening while on the road. The word “pilgrimage” is sure to elicit images of devout religiosity and is more likely to make you think of Europe’s “El Camino” rather than a walk through nature in Japan. As mentioned above, there are 88 temples in total along the Ohenro route. The Shikoku Pilgrimage The pilgrimage is geographically located on the Shikoku Island in Japan whereby it is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and the Seto Sea (Simkin 00:3:18). The first reference to the Shikoku pilgrimage appears in documents from around the 12th Century, however, specific temples or routes are not mentioned. The information in this article is accurate at the time of publication. Ohenro takes about 2 months to complete, depending on your health and walking speed, at a total length of about 1,200 kilometers. In fact, there is a term referring to the pilgrims on Ohenro as “Dougyou Ninin." Kukai was later called Kobodaishi (Great Master Kobo), and he founded the Shingon sect of Buddhism. Kobo Daishi, also known by the name Kukai, is one of the most famous Japanese people to have ever lived, as well as one of the most influential. Flights from Tokyo’s Narita International Airport take only one hour and 15 minutes to arrive at Tokushima Awaodori Airport. You should focus your attention on what the pilgrims do today rather than. Sometimes it will be a rice ball, other times a refreshing drink, but Osettai can also be expressed in other ways, such as reduced rates for pilgrims or even free, albeit rather spartan, lodging. This is likely no surprise to most, and it is an unfortunate necessity for everyone to be safe and healthy as we all do our part to get through these trying and difficult months. History of the Shikoku Pilgrimage. The Shikoku 88 Buddhist Temple Pilgrimage is shut down for the time being due to the Corona Virus Pandemic. This Buddhist pilgrimage follows almost the entire circumference of the island, spanning nearly 1200km and visiting 88 temples (even more if you include Bangai temples). Aside from the beautiful countryside and meditative peace of mind you can gain from Ohenro, you can also enjoy collecting intricate "goshuin" or temple stamps from each stop on your journey. He was born in Shikoku and took ascetic training to reach enlightenment. It was established by disciples of the Buddhist monk Kukai, who trained at several sacred places in Shikoku, … The following are a few notable temples along the way that you should be sure to visit during your Ohenro pilgrimage. A popular and distinctive feature of the island's cultural landscape, and with a long history, large numbers of pilgrims, known as henro (遍路), still undertake the journey for a variety of ascetic, pious, and tourism-relatedpurposes. Devoted people, fortunate with an abundance of time and good health, walk the pilgrimage in one go, completing it … Shikoku Pilgrimage (四国遍路 Shikoku Henro) or Shikoku Junrei (四国巡礼) is a multi-site pilgrimage of 88 temples associated with the Buddhist monk Kūkai (Kōbō Daishi), the founder of Shingon-shū, on the island of Shikoku. Buddhism was started by the Buddha Shakyamuni who lived from 560 to 480 BCE. historically. Festival Pilgrimage of the Yoruba. A Pilgrimage of Nature and Humanity. This method is called jun-uchi and it is easier to follow the path markers this way. The topic of today is about the first three temple’s of the Buddhist Pilgrimage of Shikoku which is called “Henro”. It is the same type of white clothing worn by the deceased for Japanese funerals. It includes 88 “official” temples and numerous other sacred sites where the Buddhist priest Kūkai (Kōbō Daishi) is believed to have trained or have spent time during the 9th Century. Let's go on the Shikoku 'Route 88' Pilgrimage Trail! Having said that, in our modern age, the risk of breathing our last breath while on Ohenro is quite low, so the pilgrim's outfit has become completely symbolic. In the modern age, with the development of roads, more and more people are coming to make the pilgrimage either by car or bus. The Differences Between Praying at Shrines and Temples in Japan, Ohenro - Shikoku’s Once in a Lifetime Buddhist Pilgrimage Experience. The Shikoku Pilgrimage, or Henro in Japanese, is a pilgrimage of 88 temples associated with the Buddhist saint Kukai. The Shikoku pilgrimage (四国遍路) is a 1,200-year-old, 1,200km pilgrimage of 88 Buddhist temples located on the island of Shikoku, Japan. This may seem morbid at first, but the idea behind this practice is that by wearing the funeral dress, the pilgrim is on their way to the “holy land” of the afterlife. If your starting point is Osaka, you can take the bullet train (Tokaido Sanyo Shinkansen: Nozomi 17 for Hakata) from Shin Osaka Station to Okayama Station (45 min. There are several legends related to the beginnings of the pilgrimage on Shikoku Island. Each year, about 150,000 pilgrims from Japan and around the world embark on this spiritual journey to experience the … Also, although it is tradition to start in Tokushima and visit each temple in clockwise order (referred to as jun-uchi), there is no designated route that must be adhered to. However, the island of Shikoku is home to one of the most unique, heartwarming, and beautiful walking pilgrimages in the world, called “Ohenro.” While Ohenro is Buddhist at its core, the journey is open to people of all backgrounds. Like most of Shikoku’s historic tales of note, the Shikoku Pilgrimage starts with Kobo Daishi (774–834). Some translate it to mean “gift,” while others maintain that it is something closer to the word “alms” (considering the situation). There are many ways to make the Shikoku pilgrimage based on one’s schedule, physical health and budget. The 88 temples of the Shikoku Pilgrimage are all places where Daishi is said to have trained at, visited or founded during the 9th century. This is osettai. When he was 29 years old, he saw an old man, a sick man, and then a dead man. In order to better understand the purpose and popularity of Ohenro, it is paramount to know about its founder, the man who first took the pilgrimage: Kobo Daishi. This is certainly not the case when it comes to pilgrims in Shikoku. Many people start at Temple 1, Ryōzenji in Tokushima prefecture, proceed in clockwise order and finish at Temple 88, Ōkuboji, in Kagawa prefecture. As such, the route is popular among retirees and college students who are able to dedicate more time to the journey. The total of the temple’s are 88 and … Although it is a stoic and physically challenging way to follow Ohenro, traveling by foot allows you to experience Osettai hospitality (covered next), which is not really possible to do when taking a car. Tairyuji is the 21st temple on the Ohenro route, but it holds a special distinction as the place where Kobo Daishi spent 50 days meditating as a youth. Organization for Promotion of Tourism in SHIKOKU. Sometimes, visitors to Japan will describe the inhabitants of Tokyo as polite but distant. The topic of today is about the first three temple’s of the Buddhist Pilgrimage of Shikoku which is called “Henro”. March - May and October - November are the best months for good weather and comfortable temperatures. The island holds its spot as the birthplace of Kobo Daishi, Japanese Shingon Buddhism’s founder, and encompasses legends and historical landmarks that represent the incredible pilgrimage that thousands have undergone. Established over 1,200 years ago, the route takes in all four prefectures of Shikoku passing through quaint towns and rural pockets of the island. It is not necessary to use all of the following items, which can be bought at various temples and stores along the pilgrimage route, but this is the traditional style of attire. No matter what you were looking for when you set out on your journey, Ohenro is sure to deliver exactly what you need by the end of your pilgrimage. To atone for their sins or to pray for good health and success, pilgrims clad in white embark on a journey on foot around Shikoku Island. Also, make sure to read the following article if you are unclear about how to properly pay your respects at a temple: The Differences Between Praying at Shrines and Temples in Japan. The 88 temples on the trek were all visited by Kobo Daishi, either for Buddhist training or prayer, and all of them have been designated as sacred places now. A pilgrimage trail to 88 temples in Shikoku, Japan. To start the journey in the traditional way, from the first temple (Ryozenji), one should begin in Tokushima Prefecture. This pilgrim outfit will not only help you get into the right mindset but also brings with it the added benefits of being identified as an unmistakable pilgrim on Ohenro. Called "O-henro", it is, at its heart, a Buddhist pilgrimage following in the footsteps of the founder of Japanese Tantric (Shingon) Buddhism, If walked, the entire route is about 1,200 kilometers long which allows one to experience the abundant natural surroundings of Shikoku and presents visitors with numerous opportunities to mix with local people. The Body, the Mind, the Pilgrimage Shikoku Island is an expanse that is regarded sacred by the people of Japan. ... the masses. Born in the year 774, Kobo Daishi accomplished many things in his life ranging from scholarly, spiritual, and physical feats. At a minimum, we recommended wearing a white vest and using a staff. The 88-temple pilgrimage of Shikoku island was first undertaken in the 8th century by Kobo Daishi, a Buddhist monk. Join us today as we dive into the adventure of a lifetime, Shikoku’s Ohenro pilgrimage. Shikoku Henro spans all four regions, linking 88 temples associated with the monk Kukai (posthumously known as Kobo-Daishi), founder of the Shingon school of Buddhism and native of Shikoku. He went to China from where Buddhism was brought. Whatever the reason, most people who set out on Ohenro all agree that it is an experience that changed their life. This pilgrimage provides the an opportunity to reflect on one's life and to change for the better. It is a one of a kind spiritual experience tied to nature, the open road, and a special kind of hospitality only found in Japan. Also known as The Pilgrimage Pathhenro, With a history dating back over 1,200 years, it was created by the monk Kūkai (774-835).This pilgrimage route, which encompasses 88 Buddhist temples scattered throughout the four prefectures of the island of Shikoku, is receiving increasing attention as it is a quiet travel plan like very few around the world. This can be translated into something along the lines of, “Two people on the same path.” The inference here is that when performing Ohenro, pilgrims are said to always be with Kobo Daishi by carrying a kongozue. You don’t even need to visit the temples in order! For an in-depth explanation of this temple-hopping trend, please have a look at Complete Guide to the Goshuin Trend: Collect Japan's Gorgeous Temple Stamps! The Shikoku Henro, or 88 Temple Pilgrimage, is one of the oldest pilgrimages in the world and continues to attract pilgrims from Japan and abroad. This clever beast is known for his antics and ability to shapeshift. Thus, it is believed that pilgrims should be shown gratitude and support, which is expressed through osettai. Located in the city of Naruto (a place famous for giant whirlpools! For a map of all 88 temples, see this google map. We will go into more details of osettai later and what you can expect. If you want to give feedback on any of our articles, you have an idea that you'd really like to see come to life, or you just have a question on Japan, hit us up on our Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram! This pilgrimage is centered on Kannon so it takes you to a series of temples where Kannon is the honzon. The pilgrimage is traditionally completed on foot, but modern pilgrims use cars, taxis, …

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